Effective portfolios show how students think, iterate, and learn from failure—skills that matter more than perfect builds.
Require "before and after" documentation. Students capture initial sketches, failed attempts, and final iterations to show growth over time.
Use reflection prompts that ask "What would you do differently?" instead of "What did you learn?" This shifts focus to actionable insights.
Create portfolio checkpoints every two weeks. Students add artifacts, write captions, and reflect on their engineering process in real-time.
